Tenses (16 Tenses)

Sebelum memahami ini ada baiknya mengingat lagi tentang Verb untuk mengetahui lebih lanjutnya klik disini. 


Berikut beberapa macam tenses.
1. Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)
a. Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)
Rumus :
+ } S + V1 + O/C
Sisca Reads book everyday
- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C
Sisca does not Read book everyday
? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
does Sisca Read book everyday? Yes He does / No He does not (doesn’t)
Untuk  I, We, You, They = do
He, She, It = Does
Contoh kalimat :
 (+) He plays football every morning
 (-) He does not playing football every morning.
 (?) How playing football every morning?
b. Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)
Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsungpada waktu sekarang.
Rumus :
+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C            >>           + } They are playing badmintoon now
- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C   >>           – } They are not playing badmintoon now
? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C            >>           ? } Are they palaying badmintoon now ?
Yes They are / no they are not
Untuk I menggynakan tobe = am, sedangkan They, we, you = are dan He, She, It = Is.
Contoh dalam kalimat :
(+) He is playing badminton now
(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.
(?) Is he playing badminton now.
c. Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb+main verb
Contoh :
(+) you have eaten mine.
(-) she has not been to Rome
(?) have you finished?
d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
(+): S + have/has + been + Ving
(-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?): Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.
(+) We have been riding a horse for three days
(-) She hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.
(-) We haven’t been riding a horse for three days.
(?) Has she been going to Pekalongan ?
(?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ?
2. Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)
a. Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)
Rumus :
+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C >> +} We were at school yesterday
-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C >> -} We were not at school yesterday
?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C >> ?} were we at school yesterday ?
Contoh lainnya 
+} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday
?} were we at school yesterday ?
Untuk  I, He, She, It = Was. Dan They, we, you = were
Contoh :
(+) I saw a good film last night
 (-) I saw not a good film last night
 (?) Saw I a good film last night
b. Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)
Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
 They were talking about sport when I met him
(-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving  
He wasn’t watching television all afternoon last week
(?): Was/Were + S + Ving
 (?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week
c. Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
(+): S + had + V3
Contoh :  When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle
(-): S + had + not + V3
Contoh : When my brother arrived , I hadn’t painted my motor cycle
(?): Had + S + V3
 Contoh : Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?
d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
 (+) They had been living there for two month
 (-) They hadn’t been living there for two month
 (?) Had they been living there for two month?


3. Future Tense (Akan Datang)
a. Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb
Contoh :
 (+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?
b. Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will be writing a comic.
 (-) I will not writing a comic. 
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
c. Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)


Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) Iwill have finished by 10am.
 (-) She will not have gone to school.
 (?) Willyou have arrived?
d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will have been reading a news paper.
 (-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.
 (?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?


4. Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
a. Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)\
Rumus :
+}: S + would + V1
-}: S + would + not + V1
?}:  Would + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) He would come if you invited him.
 (-) He wouldn’t come if invited him.
 (?) Would He come if invited him ?
b. Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)
Rumus :
+} : S + would + be + Ving
-} : S + would + not + be + Ving
?} : Would + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.
 (?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day .
c. Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
+} : S + would + have + V3
-} : S + would + not + have + V3
?} : Would + S + have + V3
Contoh :
(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard. 
(-) He wouldn’t have gone if he had met his darling
 (?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?
d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
+} : S + would + have + been + Ving
-} : S + would + not + have + been + Ving
?} : Would + S + have + been + Ving
Contoh :
 (+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years
 (-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldn’t have been walking here for seventeen year\
(?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?